how to type etc at the end of a sentence
Generally in American English if etc is used in the middle of a sentence it is followed by a commaHowever if the word etc appears at the end of a sentence then the period which is part of etc serves as the final punctuation mark. Eg is usually connected to another similar abbreviation ie which means that is.
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The plankton is divided into a the Zoo-plankton such as the minute crustacea and the eggs and larva of fishes and many other marine animals.
. Most authorities including The Chicago. A period is relatively calm and sedate an exclamation mark is loud and excited and a question mark turns the end of the sentence up in wonder. Think of it as an environmentally friendly rule.
There are enough exceptions to this general rule however to warrant the following chart which shows nearly all of the scenarios you are likely to face. Thoreau believes that if one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams and endeavors to live the life. If you use etc in the middle of a sentence and it is not enclosed in parentheses then you must use a comma after the abbreviation.
For example Punctuate decades without an apostrophe. Remember et al is the only correct way to type this phrase. How to Use Correct Punctuation.
You can use it when the reader can reasonably infer what the missing information would be. However if this word appears at the end of a sentence then the period which is part of etc serves as the final punctuation mark. They both can be used after a sentence that was setting an example or referring to a list of items connected to a text mentioned in parenthesis after a series of points have been made.
When a quotation is presented as a single sentence made up of material from two or more original sentences ellipses should be used for all omitted segments. When you end a sentence with an abbreviation you dont need an extra period. In fact you can use the same words and the same punctuation within the sentence and change the whole meaning by using different end.
But in most cases avoid etc. While the weather is warm Jim is going to mow the lawn wash the cars tend to the weeds etc. Writers use it to say And so on or I could go on or You get the idea.
You may even have some of them partly written. Etc the abbreviation of et cetera is a Latin expression used in English to mean and other similar things or and so forth Since it is usually used at the end of a list of things that are separated by commas it should be immediately preceded by a comma. The information should explain the first part of the sentence in more.
There are three options. You can use it when the reader can reasonably infer what the missing information would be. This rule is quite simple.
The general rule is that a sentence ends with only one terminal punctuation mark. Right The period that ends the abbreviation also ends the sentence. Use ie to say that is or in other words Use the abbreviation ie when you want to add on to the first part of a sentence and give the reader more information.
Ends in a period even midsentence. Cannot be assumed to specifically represent alveolars. 1920s 1980s etc Dont use it just to be lazy.
Et al at the end of a sentence This is a time-intensive process as shown by Davies et al. Since the et in et cetera already means and it would be redundant to use and with etc. A I bought oil salt sugar and coffee etc from the market.
And b the Phyto-plankton that is the minute algae diatoms peridinians some flagellate protozoa spores of alga etcThe investigation of the plankton from a new point of view begun by Hansen in 1889 was continued by Lohmann at. When were reading out loud our tone naturally adjusts to what the punctuation intimates. A trick for remembering to include the period after al is to think of another common abbreviation etc Etc abbreviates et cetera meaning and the rest and it always requires a period at the end.
Smith Jones et al. Being outdoors we played tennis soccer baseball etc Submitting a manuscript without flaws can improve the chances of. A sentence should never have two periods at the end.
Wrong Apple Computer Inc. Is from the Latin et cetera which means and other things. Even though such sentences.
So et al which is similar always takes a period at the end too. When et al comes after a list of two or more names its preceded by a serial comma. You should avoid etc.
In professional writing though its fine when youre writing informally. The bare letterss t n l etc. If it is in parentheses in the middle of a sentence or at the end of a sentence no comma is needed.
In American English etc. I bought milk apples beer etc Just write and other things or something similar. If a sentence ends with an abbreviation followed by a period do not add an additional period.
When theres only one name before it no comma should be used. It should not be followed by a comma whether it is daily writing or a research paper. She explained the rules for periods commas semicolons etc.
In the middle of the sentence or at the end of a sentence. It appears at the end of a list when there is no point in giving more examples. Answer 1 of 18.
The shell itself is a little disappointing in terms of build quality with stickers misaligned one wheel arch rubbing on a tyre etc. Dont add another period. Hebrew and Arabic use dentalized t d th etc while English makes the sounds farther back at the alveolar ridge.
Never use and when using etc in a sentence. Answer 1 of 8. Do not use word and while using etc.
In New York we enjoyed visiting the Statue of Liberty the Empire State Building Coney Island the Museum of Modern Art etc. Prior to the invention of the Linotype typographers would follow the abbreviation with a period and narrow space if it occurred mid-sentence or with a period and wide space if it appeared at the end thus avoiding ambiguity except in the case where the period was the last thing on the line an occurrence which people hand-setting type would try to avoid mid. Ellipses for omitted material spanning two or more sentences.
The full form in Latin is Id est. On the other hand if etc or any other abbreviation ending with a period appears at the end of a question then you must use. If you use etc in the middle of a sentence and it is not enclosed in parentheses then you must use a comma after the abbreviation.
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